TY - JOUR AU - Yasmeen, Roheela AU - Hafeez, Faheem AU - Qurashi, Aisha Waheed AU - Mazhar, Sumaira AU - ., Aneeza AU - ., Samar AU - Ahmad, Farah AU - Arif, Rida AU - Nisar, Sundas AU - Khatoon, Aansa AU - Ijaz, Nimra PY - 2022/12/31 Y2 - 2024/03/28 TI - Conservation, Management and Threats to Markhor population in Pakistan: An Overview: Markhor Population in Pakistan JF - MARKHOR (The Journal of Zoology) JA - MJZ VL - 3 IS - 02 SE - Review Article DO - 10.54393/mjz.v3i02.38 UR - https://markhorjournal.com/index.php/mjz/article/view/38 SP - 06-10 AB - <p><span class="TextRun SCXW252839696 BCX0" lang="EN-US" xml:lang="EN-US" data-contrast="auto"><span class="NormalTextRun SCXW252839696 BCX0">Markhor is </span><span class="NormalTextRun SCXW252839696 BCX0">a</span><span class="NormalTextRun SCXW252839696 BCX0"> national animal of Pakistan. It is </span><span class="NormalTextRun SCXW252839696 BCX0">prese</span><span class="NormalTextRun SCXW252839696 BCX0">nt in different regions of KPK,</span> <span class="NormalTextRun SCXW252839696 BCX0">and </span><span class="NormalTextRun SpellingErrorV2Themed SCXW252839696 BCX0">Balo</span><span class="NormalTextRun SpellingErrorV2Themed SCXW252839696 BCX0">chistan</span><span class="NormalTextRun SCXW252839696 BCX0">,</span> <span class="NormalTextRun SCXW252839696 BCX0">with </span><span class="NormalTextRun AdvancedProofingIssueV2Themed SCXW252839696 BCX0">the </span><span class="NormalTextRun AdvancedProofingIssueV2Themed SCXW252839696 BCX0">majority of</span><span class="NormalTextRun SCXW252839696 BCX0"> the population in KPK particularly</span> <span class="NormalTextRun SCXW252839696 BCX0">in </span><span class="NormalTextRun SCXW252839696 BCX0">Swat and Chitral</span><span class="NormalTextRun SCXW252839696 BCX0"> district</span><span class="NormalTextRun SCXW252839696 BCX0">. </span><span class="NormalTextRun SCXW252839696 BCX0">Markhor has </span><span class="NormalTextRun SCXW252839696 BCX0">two</span> <span class="NormalTextRun SCXW252839696 BCX0">sub-</span><span class="NormalTextRun SCXW252839696 BCX0">species </span><span class="NormalTextRun SCXW252839696 BCX0">that</span><span class="NormalTextRun SCXW252839696 BCX0"> are</span><span class="NormalTextRun SCXW252839696 BCX0"> further divided in to five </span><span class="NormalTextRun ContextualSpellingAndGrammarErrorV2Themed SCXW252839696 BCX0">types</span><span class="NormalTextRun SCXW252839696 BCX0"> Astor Markhor (</span></span><span class="TextRun SCXW252839696 BCX0" lang="EN-US" xml:lang="EN-US" data-contrast="auto"><span class="NormalTextRun SCXW252839696 BCX0">Capra </span><span class="NormalTextRun SpellingErrorV2Themed SCXW252839696 BCX0">falconeri</span> <span class="NormalTextRun SpellingErrorV2Themed SCXW252839696 BCX0">falconeri</span></span><span class="TextRun SCXW252839696 BCX0" lang="EN-US" xml:lang="EN-US" data-contrast="auto"><span class="NormalTextRun SCXW252839696 BCX0">), Kashmir or Pir </span><span class="NormalTextRun SpellingErrorV2Themed SCXW252839696 BCX0">Panjal</span><span class="NormalTextRun SCXW252839696 BCX0"> Markhor (</span></span><span class="TextRun SCXW252839696 BCX0" lang="EN-US" xml:lang="EN-US" data-contrast="auto"><span class="NormalTextRun SCXW252839696 BCX0">Capra </span><span class="NormalTextRun SpellingErrorV2Themed SCXW252839696 BCX0">falconeri</span> <span class="NormalTextRun SpellingErrorV2Themed SCXW252839696 BCX0">cashmiriensis</span></span><span class="TextRun SCXW252839696 BCX0" lang="EN-US" xml:lang="EN-US" data-contrast="auto"><span class="NormalTextRun SCXW252839696 BCX0">), Kabul Markhor (</span></span><span class="TextRun SCXW252839696 BCX0" lang="EN-US" xml:lang="EN-US" data-contrast="auto"><span class="NormalTextRun SCXW252839696 BCX0">Capra </span><span class="NormalTextRun SpellingErrorV2Themed SCXW252839696 BCX0">falconeri</span> <span class="NormalTextRun SpellingErrorV2Themed SCXW252839696 BCX0">megaceros</span></span><span class="TextRun SCXW252839696 BCX0" lang="EN-US" xml:lang="EN-US" data-contrast="auto"><span class="NormalTextRun SCXW252839696 BCX0">), Suleiman Markhor (</span></span><span class="TextRun SCXW252839696 BCX0" lang="EN-US" xml:lang="EN-US" data-contrast="auto"><span class="NormalTextRun SCXW252839696 BCX0">Capra </span><span class="NormalTextRun SpellingErrorV2Themed SCXW252839696 BCX0">falconeri</span> <span class="NormalTextRun SpellingErrorV2Themed SCXW252839696 BCX0">jerdoni</span></span><span class="TextRun SCXW252839696 BCX0" lang="EN-US" xml:lang="EN-US" data-contrast="auto"><span class="NormalTextRun SCXW252839696 BCX0">), and </span><span class="NormalTextRun SpellingErrorV2Themed SCXW252839696 BCX0">Chiltan</span><span class="NormalTextRun SCXW252839696 BCX0"> Markhor (</span></span><span class="TextRun SCXW252839696 BCX0" lang="EN-US" xml:lang="EN-US" data-contrast="auto"><span class="NormalTextRun SCXW252839696 BCX0">Capra </span><span class="NormalTextRun SpellingErrorV2Themed SCXW252839696 BCX0">falconeri</span> <span class="NormalTextRun SpellingErrorV2Themed SCXW252839696 BCX0">chialtanensis</span></span><span class="TextRun SCXW252839696 BCX0" lang="EN-US" xml:lang="EN-US" data-contrast="auto"><span class="NormalTextRun SCXW252839696 BCX0">). The fifth one </span><span class="NormalTextRun SpellingErrorV2Themed SCXW252839696 BCX0">Chiltan</span><span class="NormalTextRun SCXW252839696 BCX0"> Markhor</span> <span class="NormalTextRun SCXW252839696 BCX0">is not a true Markhor and considered a crossbreed of Markhor and wild goat. These Markhor </span><span class="NormalTextRun SCXW252839696 BCX0">species </span><span class="NormalTextRun SCXW252839696 BCX0">are </span><span class="NormalTextRun SCXW252839696 BCX0">present in different areas of </span><span class="NormalTextRun ContextualSpellingAndGrammarErrorV2Themed SCXW252839696 BCX0">Pakistan</span><span class="NormalTextRun SCXW252839696 BCX0"> and they differ from each other </span><span class="NormalTextRun AdvancedProofingIssueV2Themed SCXW252839696 BCX0">on the basis of</span><span class="NormalTextRun SCXW252839696 BCX0"> their location and their horns. Its </span><span class="NormalTextRun SCXW252839696 BCX0">IUCN </span><span class="NormalTextRun SCXW252839696 BCX0">status is</span><span class="NormalTextRun SCXW252839696 BCX0"> near</span> <span class="NormalTextRun SCXW252839696 BCX0">threatened</span><span class="NormalTextRun SCXW252839696 BCX0"> in Pakistan</span><span class="NormalTextRun SCXW252839696 BCX0">. The</span><span class="NormalTextRun SCXW252839696 BCX0"> m</span><span class="NormalTextRun SCXW252839696 BCX0">ajor reason</span><span class="NormalTextRun SCXW252839696 BCX0">s</span> <span class="NormalTextRun SCXW252839696 BCX0">for</span><span class="NormalTextRun SCXW252839696 BCX0"> its decline </span><span class="NormalTextRun SCXW252839696 BCX0">are</span><span class="NormalTextRun SCXW252839696 BCX0"> habitat loss,</span><span class="NormalTextRun SCXW252839696 BCX0"> illegal </span><span class="NormalTextRun SCXW252839696 BCX0">hunting</span><span class="NormalTextRun SCXW252839696 BCX0"> and poaching</span><span class="NormalTextRun SCXW252839696 BCX0">.</span><span class="NormalTextRun SCXW252839696 BCX0"> Although, </span><span class="NormalTextRun AdvancedProofingIssueV2Themed SCXW252839696 BCX0">a</span> <span class="NormalTextRun AdvancedProofingIssueV2Themed SCXW252839696 BCX0">number</span><span class="NormalTextRun AdvancedProofingIssueV2Themed SCXW252839696 BCX0"> of</span><span class="NormalTextRun SCXW252839696 BCX0"> conservation programs </span><span class="NormalTextRun SCXW252839696 BCX0">and </span><span class="NormalTextRun SCXW252839696 BCX0">various national and international agencies </span><span class="NormalTextRun SCXW252839696 BCX0">are</span> <span class="NormalTextRun SCXW252839696 BCX0">working</span><span class="NormalTextRun SCXW252839696 BCX0"> for</span><span class="NormalTextRun SCXW252839696 BCX0"> the protection of this animal </span><span class="NormalTextRun SCXW252839696 BCX0">s</span><span class="NormalTextRun SCXW252839696 BCX0">uch as </span><span class="NormalTextRun SCXW252839696 BCX0">TCP, </span><span class="NormalTextRun SCXW252839696 BCX0">K</span><span class="NormalTextRun SCXW252839696 BCX0">PK</span> <span class="NormalTextRun SCXW252839696 BCX0">wildlife department etc</span><span class="NormalTextRun SCXW252839696 BCX0">. </span><span class="NormalTextRun SCXW252839696 BCX0">The present review highlights the importance of </span><span class="NormalTextRun SCXW252839696 BCX0">M</span><span class="NormalTextRun SCXW252839696 BCX0">arkhor along with its </span><span class="NormalTextRun SCXW252839696 BCX0">distribution, </span><span class="NormalTextRun SCXW252839696 BCX0">major threats </span><span class="NormalTextRun SCXW252839696 BCX0">and conservation strategies adopted to protect Markhor</span><span class="NormalTextRun SCXW252839696 BCX0">.</span></span><span class="EOP SCXW252839696 BCX0" data-ccp-props="{&quot;134233279&quot;:true,&quot;201341983&quot;:0,&quot;335551550&quot;:6,&quot;335551620&quot;:6,&quot;335559739&quot;:0,&quot;335559740&quot;:240}"> </span></p> ER -